Pacifique

Les États du Pacifique ont signé 72 accords de commerce et d’investissement, dont 39 ont été conclus par l’Australie uniquement

La plupart des traités signés par l’Australie contiennent des clauses sur le règlement des différends investisseur-Etat (ISDS, selon l’acronyme anglais), notamment ceux conclus avec l’ASEAN et la Nouvelle-Zélande (AANZFTA), la Chine (ChAFTA), l’Inde, l’Indonésie, la Corée, le Mexique ou la Turquie.

À la suite d’un différend avec Philip Morris sur une loi anti-tabac, l’Australie a affirmé qu’elle s’abstiendrait de conclure de nouveaux accords d’investissement contenant l’ISDS. Cependant, des accords plus récents de l’Australie tels que le ChAFTA, celui avec l’Indonésie ou Hong Kong, et le Partenariat transpacifique (TPP) incluent tous l’ISDS.

L’affaire Philip Morris contre l’Australie est le litige le plus connu à ce jour. Quand l’Australie a introduit le paquet de tabac neutre en 2011, Philip Morris a attaqué l’Australie devant un tribunal arbitral. En décembre 2015, le tribunal a rejeté les demandes de la compagnie, mais seulement sur une question procédurale. L’Australie a dépensé 24 millions de dollars australiens en frais juridiques, mais Philip Morris n’en a payé que la moitié, laissant le contribuable australien payer l’autre moitié.

La région pacifique est la région la moins touchée par l’ISDS. Seuls les investisseurs australiens ont engagé des litiges à sept reprises, dont deux dans le cadre du Traité sur la Charte de l’énergie.

Photo : Dominic Hartnett / CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

(avril 2020)

| 18-fév-2013
Lawsuits are seen as the inevitable next step if plain packaging of cigarettes is brought in. The government will announce a decision on the matter in the next few days.
| 5-fév-2013
Earlier last month, a three-member bench of the Supreme Court headed by Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry declared null and void the Reko Diq gold and copper mine agreement, the Chagai Hills Exploration Joint Venture Agreement (CHEJVA), with Tethyan Copper Company (TCC).
| 5-fév-2013
The Supreme Court recently declared void and illegal a mining deal for the Reko Diq copper project signed 20 years ago between the Balochistan government and international mining companies.
Infojustice.org | 3-déc-2012
Australia’s new stance against investor-State arbitration may do nothing to prevent claims being brought in the future.
| 26-nov-2012
The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources (MoPNR) has written a letter to Prime Minister Raja Pervez Ashraf to persuade the Balochistan government to settle the Reko Diq issue out of court, fearing a penalty of Rs39 billion by the International Centre for Settlement Investment Disputes (ICSID).
Troy Media | 15-nov-2012
Much of the debate surrounding the Canada-China trade deal revolves around the dispute settlement clause in the deal. Troy Media contacted Professor Thomas Faunce of the Australian National University in Canberra to explain why the Australian government decided to discontinue the practise of seeking inclusion of investor state dispute settlement provisions in trade agreements with developing countries.
| 11-sep-2012
Delegates attending trans-Pacific free-trade negotiations in the United States are being warned their countries could end up like Australia if they agree to allow corporations to sue governments in international courts.
| 21-mai-2012
Smoking is bad for our health. Smoking is detrimental to our economic well-being - smoking-related conditions and diseases cost the health service in this country millions and millions of dollars each year. But moves to reduce or stop smoking in this country could cost us just as much if not more.
Sydney Morning Herald | 5-mar-2012
The federal government is standing firm against Australian and US business demands that it allow controversial dispute settlement clauses into an ambitious new Pacific free trade deal.
| 9-fév-2012
In a stinging indictment of the slow speed with which the higher judiciary decides cases and lackadaisical manner in which the government deals with disputes involving foreign companies doing business in India, a three-member international arbitration panel has decided a case against the Government of India and a PSU.